An experimental technique designed to predict theophylline doses needed to attain therapeutic theophylline concentrations in 43 emergency department ed patients was compared with a standard conventional regimen in 46 ed patients. Its most common use is in the treatment of airway obstruction from asthma or copd. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Like other methylated xanthine derivatives, aminophylline is both a. In the second three months of the study, 43 subjects received aminophylline loading and maintenance doses calculated using the theophylline program, following informed consent. Aminophylline medical countermeasures database chemm. Intravenous iv theophylline is only available as aminophylline, which is a prodrug of theophylline. Aminophylline may antagonise the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents. Helps intercept drug and dose errors in real time via gravimetric analysis workflow with hard stops, ensuring medication preparation accuracy. Theophylline acts by either inhibiting phosphodiesterase or blocking adenosine receptors in the bronchi, thereby relaxing smooth muscle. Aminophylline has a widely accepted therapeutic range of 1020mgl, which drives dosing decisions in children 1,5. Theophylline relaxes smooth muscle in the respiratory tract and suppresses airway stimuli. Intravenous aminophylline can be used to manage exacerbations of asthma in children who do not respond to first line inhalednebulised therapy.
For patient who have had theophylline in the past 24 hours, based on theophylline serum concentration measurements in mcgml. Aminophylline is less potent and shorteracting than theophylline. Aminophylline injection, usp contains aminophylline calculated as the dihydrate 25 mgml equivalent to 19. Aminophylline is a methylxanthine bronchodilator composed of theophylline respbid, slobid, theo24, theolair and ethylenediamine. Each monograph contains stability data, administration guidelines, and methods of preparation. Aminophylline may enhance the sensitivity of the myocardium to, and the toxic potential of, cardiac glycosides. A type of bronchodilator, aminophylline is a type of muscle relaxation medicine that helps lungs and chest circulate oxygen better. Aminophylline interactions bnf content published by nice. Aminophylline amoline, somophyllin, aminophyllin dosage and administration. How is an intravenous aminophylline dose converted to an. Aminophylline injection alleviates pain in postdural. Choose from 41 different sets of aminophylline flashcards on quizlet. How is an intravenous aminophylline dose converted to an oral. J0280 hcpcs code aminophyllin 250 mg inj hcpcs registry.
Nov 19, 2019 aminophylline injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of aminophylline in water for injection. List aminophylline ampul side effects by likelihood and severity. Drug also stimulates the respiratory center in the medulla and prevents diaphragmatic fatigue. Adenosine rapid iv bolus given by a doctor or under direct supervision 2 seconds can be diluted with ns compatibility with other. Aminophylline injection aminophylline dihydrate dose.
Aminophylline dihydrate is approximately 79% of anhydrous theophylline by weight. Loading dose worksheet for intravenous aminophylline. The mechanism of action of aminophylline is not completely understood. Aminophylline definition of aminophylline by medical dictionary. Aminophylline adult dosage load with 5mgkg iv io over 2030 mins, followed by an infusion. Aminophylline theophylline ethylenediamine is 79% theophylline. Aminophylline injection was added to three parenteral nutrition pn solutions in dosages of 0. Aminophylline is monitored therapeutically in terms of plasmatheophylline concentrations. The use of aminophylline is contraindicated in patients with acute.
The structural formula of aminophylline dihydrate is as follows. Administration may be oral, intramuscular, intravenous, or rectal. Intravenous medications, including theophyllines, are used as secondline treatments for children experiencing a lifethreatening exacerbation. When therapeutic doses of aminophylline andor theophylline are administered simultaneously by more than one route or in more than one preparation, the hazard of serious toxicity is increased. Helps reduce waste with clean room inventory management software featuring remnant drug tracking, lot management and returned iv management.
The use of aminophylline iv in children under 6 months of age is not generally recommended. Maintenance infusion aminophylline 1g in 1l of sodium chloride 0. Aminophylline injection alleviates pain in postdural puncture. Published 17th august 2015, updated 27th november 2019 ukmi.
For continuous or intermittent infusion dilute in 500 ml. Aminophylline indications, dosage, side effects and. Current state of iv workflow systems and iv robotics. Eligible patients were randomized in a blinded fashion1. The aminophylline for patients with postdural puncture headache trial, is a prospective,randomized,doubleblind,placebocontrolled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an iv injection of aminophylline on postdural puncture headache. The solution may contain an excess of ethylenediamine for ph adjustment. Aminophylline is available by prescription for dogs. The stability of aminophylline injection in crystalline amino aciddextrose solutions containing standard additions of electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals was evaluated. Divide this total amount by the dosing interval for oral administration, e. Aminophylline generic is a bronchodilator, prescribed for symptoms of asthma, bronchitis and emphysema. It works in the airways by relaxing muscles and opening air. Aminophylline injection, usp is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution of aminophylline in water for injection. All of the samples were prepared in duplicate, stored in sealed volumetric flasks, and allowed to stand under normal lighting at room temperature or under refrigeration for 48 hours.
Theophylline also increases contraction of diaphragm muscles by increasing calcium uptake through. Aminophylline injection is indicated for relief of bronchospasm associated with asthma and in chronic obstructive pulmonary. Aminophylline definition of aminophylline by medical. Aminophylline definition is a theophylline derivative c16h24n10o4 used especially to stimulate the heart in congestive heart failure and to dilate the air passages in respiratory disorders such as asthma. Aminophylline for patients with postdural puncture headache. Niemiec pw jr, vanderveen tw, hohenwarter mw, gadsden rh sr. Interestingly in children with a severe asthma exacerbation, the addition of iv aminophylline to betaagonists and corticosteroids im proves lung function within 6 hours of treatment. Optimizing the management of children presenting with acute severe asthma is of utmost importance to minimize hospital stays, morbidity, and mortality. Find out what health conditions may be a health risk when taken with aminophylline intravenous.
While many will share common functionality, the implementation. Evaluating iv workflow systems and iv robotics a detailed comparison of available systems iv robotics or iv workflow is a critical first step when these technologies are being considered. We would recommend all patients with acute asthma who are ill enough to need aminophylline iv are discussed with a spr or consultant check the drug history if the patient usually takes maintenance aminophylline or theophylline therapy, check the theophylline serum level on admission and omit the loading dose. Dilute loading dose in 100200 ml ns, d5w, d5ns, or rl. In canada call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. The use of aminophylline iv in children under 6 months of age is not recommended. Aminophylline injection norphyl, phyllocontin, truphylline is a bronchodilator injection drug used for the management of acute worsening of asthma or copd. Aminophylline is used to prevent and treat wheezing, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing caused by asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other lung diseases. The manufacturer recommends 1 mgkg theophylline iv or po every 12 hours in premature neonates postnatal age younger than 24 days and 1. Aminophylline injection is administered by slow intravenous injection or diluted and administered by intravenous infusion. Similar to other theophyllines, aminophylline is indicated for the treatment of lung diseases such.
Aug 02, 2016 background adequate asthma treatment of childhood exacerbations with iv aminophylline depends on appropriate dosage. Once in the body, theophylline is released and acts as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, adenosine receptor blocker, and histone deacetylase activator. Therefore, in a patient who has received no theophylline in the previous 24 hours, a loading dose of intravenous theophylline of 4. Loading dose desired concentration measured concentration volume of distribution mean volume of distribution can be assumed to be 0. Background adequate asthma treatment of childhood exacerbations with iv aminophylline depends on appropriate dosage. The medicine is usually prescribed to those with bronchitis, asthma and lung diseases. Aminophylline is a drug combination that contains theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2. Ensure that diazepam is readily available to treat seizures. This software was installed on a personal computer nec powermate iv, equipped with a 40megabyte hard disk, which was located in the ed. Convert the hourly infusion rate to the total amount administered in 24 hours by multiplying the hourly dose by 24. Diaphragm surface electromyography semg, measures of respiration tidal volume, minute ventilation, and frequency, and serum theophylline levels were captured.
It is used as a bronchodilator and also as an antidote to dipyridamole toxicity. Webmd provides common contraindications for aminophylline intravenous. Iv aminophylline was administered in increasing doses 2 mgkg, 4 mgkg, and 6 mgkg over the course of 1 day. Data sources include ibm watson micromedex updated 4 may 2020, cerner multum updated 4 may 2020. Critical care intravenous drug administration guide. Aminophylline is a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Recommendations to aim for a target therapeutic range may be inappropriate as serum concentrations correlate poorly with clinical improvement. Aminophylline dosage in asthma exacerbations in children. This loading dose worksheet is intended to guide medical, nursing and pharmacy staff in the safe and appropriate prescription and administration of intravenous aminophylline loading doses in adults 2. For intravenous theophylline aminophylline, guidelines and formularies recommend a target. Patients not already taking oral theophylline or aminophylline a loading dose should be given loading dose 5mgkg as an iv infusion in 100ml sodium chloride 0. Intravenous iv preparation and infusion guidelines globalrph. Patient not receiving aminophylline or theophylline. Intravenous aminophylline adults theophylline is a bronchial smooth muscle relaxant and bronchodilator.
May 30, 2019 when therapeutic doses of aminophylline andor theophylline are administered simultaneously by more than one route or in more than one preparation, the hazard of serious toxicity is increased. Stability of aminophylline injection in three parenteral. Answer converting iv aminophylline to oral aminophylline. Indication intravenous aminophylline may be used for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive lung. Find patient medical information for aminophylline intravenous on webmd including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. Aminophylline in bradyasystolic cardiac arrest full text. General preparation drugs aminophylline injection bp. Stability of aminophylline injection in three parenteral nutrient solutions. How is an intravenous aminophylline dose converted to an oral aminophylline or theophylline dose.
Aminophylline has a narrow therapeutic index, therefore cautious dosage determination is essential. Outofhospital cardiac arrest treated by emergency medical services has an estimated incidence of 54. Shanghai modern hasen pharmaceutical, ltd, shangqiu, china was dissolved in 100 ml saline for intravenous iv injection and was administered for about 35 minutes. This reference contains standard dilutions including iv admixture drug concentration, infusion volumes, and infusion rates. Accurate dosing is important, to ensure adequate asthma treatment, whilst reducing toxicity 24. It is used to treat and prevent wheezing, restricted breathing and shortness of breath. Take serum samples to determine peak theophylline concentration drawn 1530 min after an iv loading dose. Learn aminophylline with free interactive flashcards. Aminophylline hydrate 25mgml solution for injection. This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses. It is available in tablets, oral liquid, injection and suppository form. Intravenous admixtures preparation and infusion guidelines. Aminophylline definition of aminophylline by merriamwebster. The experimental protocol utilized a computerassisted dosage prediction program that incorporated baseline theophylline concentration rapidly obtained using a.
Loading dose worksheet for intravenous aminophylline 1. Monitor for clinical signs of adverse effects, particularly if serum theophylline levels are not available. The residents operated the program, having received simple instruction on its operation by study investigators. Aminophylline injection bp may be given by slow intravenous injection or intravenous infusion in glucose injection or sodium chloride injection. It relaxes and opens air passages in the lungs, making it easier to breathe. Aug, 2015 the aminophylline for patients with postdural puncture headache trial, is a prospective,randomized,doubleblind,placebocontrolled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an iv injection of aminophylline on postdural puncture headache. J0280 hcpcs code coverage, payment groups, payment policy indicators. Do not use aminophylline solutions if discolored or if crystals are present. When therapeutic doses of aminophylline andor theophylline are administered simultaneously by more that one route or in more than one preparation, the hazard of serious toxicity is increased. After about 30 minutes of the aminophylline injection, she was completely relieved from the pain the vas was 0 when she was sitting or standing, and the. You may report side effects to health canada at 18662342345. Optimizing the dosing of intravenous theophylline in acute. Iv aminophylline theophylline has been shown to add little bronchodilation and may increase adverse effects.
As this medication requires a prescription, it is very important for a user to follow the. Measurement of plasmatheophylline concentration may be helpful and is essential if a loading dose of intravenous aminophylline is to be given to patients who are already taking theophylline, because serious sideeffects such as convulsions and arrhythmias can occasionally precede other symptoms of toxicity. Similar to other theophyllines, aminophylline is indicated for the treatment of lung diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and copd. Aminophylline belongs to a class of drugs called bronchodilators, used to relax the smooth muscle wall in the airway and allowing unrestricted air passage.
1529 855 1496 233 1495 897 411 230 410 833 933 1226 564 165 102 494 123 1182 764 1071 1620 822 793 956 334 1368 1350 719 869 494 963 768 1348 1225 1275 1068 849